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Non-fiction

The Untold History of the United States

Oliver Stone, Peter Kuznick
Review by: Cavid Mehdiyev15 September 20261 min read
Filmmaker Oliver Stone (creator of the companion Showtime documentary series) and historian Peter Kuznick challenge the mainstream narrative of American history, raising uncomfortable questions about empire, war, and corporate interests — a passionate, heavily documented "counter-history."
Who Is This Book For?
Good Fit
  • Readers seeking a critical, alternative lens on official U.S. history and unafraid of sources outside the mainstream
  • Readers interested in geopolitics, empire, and the history of military interventions, especially in Latin America
  • Readers who enjoy heavily documented, evidence-driven political and social commentary
Not a Fit
  • Readers who prefer balanced, neutrally toned academic history and are uncomfortable with an openly argued political stance
  • Readers looking for a short, breezy read — the book runs 746 pages with a dense footnote and citation apparatus
How Readers Rate It
Tone 4.0/5 Openly critical/polemical
Focus 4.1/5 Foreign policy/empire
Structure 3.8/5 Argumentative essay
45 voters
The Foreword and Introduction: "Roots of Empire: War Is a Racket"
Covers the book's Foreword and the first section of the Introduction (pp. xi-xxxii) — about 4% of the 746-page book; the main chronological chapters, spanning World War I through the Obama era (chapters 1-25), are not addressed here.

In the Foreword, the authors explain the purpose of the book and its companion documentary series: they argue that the comforting "foundational narrative" Americans are taught from childhood, built around sacrifice and exceptionalism, reflects only a small part of the story — and that this leaves Americans unable to understand how the rest of the world actually sees them.

The Introduction opens under the heading "Roots of Empire: War Is a Racket." When media magnate Henry Luce declared the twentieth century the "American Century" in 1941, Vice President Henry Wallace had proposed instead a "Century of the Common Man" — a world of science-driven prosperity that outlawed colonialism. According to the authors, the postwar world followed Luce's imperial vision, not Wallace's.

The authors document how little Americans know about their own history, citing the 2011 "Nation's Report Card" findings (only 12% of graduating high school seniors scored "proficient" in U.S. history), then trace the idea of American exceptionalism from the "city upon a hill" myth through President Barack Obama's 2009 statement, "I believe in American exceptionalism."

The Introduction closes with the story of General Smedley Butler — a two-time Medal of Honor recipient who served in Honduras, Nicaragua, Haiti, Mexico, and China and who, after retiring, wrote a book called War Is a Racket describing himself as "a high-class muscle man for Big Business, for Wall Street and the bankers... a racketeer for capitalism." His list of roughly two dozen military interventions in Honduras, Cuba, Nicaragua, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, and Panama between 1912 and 1933 unpacks the book's central thesis: that war has often served corporate interests.

Reading Experience
  • Every claim is backed by dozens of archival sources, historical documents, and direct quotations — the dense citation apparatus of academic history
  • Uses vivid, hard-to-dismiss first-person testimony, especially General Smedley Butler's own words, to keep the argument readable and story-driven
  • Structured as a companion to the documentary series of the same name — the text is enriched with visual material (photos, quoted posters)
  • A clear, thesis-driven architecture: each chapter sets the "official myth" against the "real history" the authors document
Content Warning
The book is written from an openly critical, ideological stance on U.S. foreign policy — it is not a neutral or balanced history, and readers should know this going in; it describes violent episodes (including thousands of deaths) during military interventions
If You Liked This
A People's History of the United StatesHoward Zinn

A similar bottom-up alternative to the official narrative of American history

War Is a RacketGen. Smedley Butler

Quoted directly in the book's introduction — a short, forceful first-person account of how U.S. military interventions served corporate interests

Manufacturing ConsentNoam Chomsky, Edward S. Herman

A similarly critical take on how media and state propaganda shape the "official" version of history

Spoiler
What does the rest of the book cover?
⚠️ The periods covered by the book's main chapters are revealed here.

While the Introduction only sets the frame, the book's main body proceeds chronologically from the Wilson-versus-Lenin standoff of World War I, through a sharp critique of World War II and the decision to drop the atomic bomb (the authors argue that sidelining Henry Wallace from the vice presidency changed the course of history), through the Cold War, Cuba, and Vietnam, up to the wars and drone strikes of the Reagan, Bush, and Obama eras.

The recurring central thesis: the military-industrial complex and corporate interests, regardless of party, have consistently shaped the "imperial" character of U.S. foreign policy — a continuity the authors argue is stronger than the differences between Democrats and Republicans.

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